A Survey of the State of the Field of Applied Behavior Analysis in Vermont
Understanding the ABA Workforce in Vermont
Behavior analysts are in high demand across the U.S., and Vermont is no exception. As the need for behavioral services grows, it is crucial to understand workforce trends to ensure an adequate supply of qualified professionals.
A recent study by Megan R. Mayo and Audrey N. Hofmann, published in Behavior Analysis in Practice (2024), analyzes the state of the applied behavior analysis (ABA) workforce in Vermont. The research identifies challenges, growth patterns, and factors influencing the availability of ABA services. This blog post summarizes key findings from their study and explores what they mean for behavior analysts and policymakers.
The ABA Workforce in Vermont
Vermont has a long history of using ABA to support individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. As of 2023, the state’s ABA workforce included:
- 194 Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs)
- 4 Board Certified Behavior Analysts–Doctoral (BCBA-Ds)
- 12 Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analysts (BCaBAs)
- 114 Registered Behavior Technicians (RBTs)
Although these numbers reflect a growing field, Vermont faces unique challenges in retaining BCBAs and RBTs, particularly in rural regions. Compared to more populated states, Vermont has fewer training programs and must rely on online or out-of-state education to meet workforce needs.
National Growth vs. Vermont’s Challenges
Since 2010, ABA has experienced significant growth in the U.S.:
- Between 2010 and 2021, demand for BCBAs increased by 5,582%.
- From 2021 to 2022, job postings for BCBAs grew by 23% nationwide.
Several factors fuel this demand:
- ABA is a well-established, evidence-based treatment for ASD and other conditions.
- Insurance mandates have expanded access to ABA services.
- Advocacy groups, such as Autism Speaks, promote insurance coverage and policy changes.
In Vermont, job postings for BCBAs rose by 94% from 2021 to 2022, demonstrating rapid growth. However, due to Vermont’s lower population, per capita demand is significantly higher than in some larger states. Rural areas, in particular, struggle to attract and retain qualified behavior analysts.
The Evolution of ABA in Vermont
Applied behavior analysis in Vermont has grown alongside national policy changes and local legislation. Key developments include:
- 1988: Act 264 established interagency collaboration for children’s mental health services.
- 1992: Success Beyond Six program enabled Medicaid funding for ABA services in schools.
- 2010: Vermont passed autism insurance reform, increasing access to ABA therapy.
- 2015: The state introduced licensing regulations for behavior analysts.
Each of these steps contributed to the field’s development, but Vermont’s workforce still faces sustainability challenges.
Education and Training for ABA Professionals
A major concern for Vermont’s ABA workforce is access to training programs. Historically, some Vermont institutions offered behavior analysis coursework, including:
- The University of Vermont
- Johnson State College (now part of Northern Vermont University)
By 2020, Vermont no longer had in-state ABAI Verified Course Sequences (VCS), which are required for BCBA certification. This forces aspiring behavior analysts to seek training through online programs or institutions in other states.
As of 2023, there are over 400 ABAI VCS programs in the U.S. However, Vermont remains underserved, making it difficult to grow the local workforce. Addressing this gap could help reduce shortages of BCBAs and BCaBAs in the state.
Research Methodology and Findings
Mayo and Hofmann conducted an online survey targeting Vermont-based ABA professionals. Their goal was to assess workforce trends, challenges, and future needs. Key findings include:
- A significant workforce strain, particularly in rural areas.
- Many professionals enter the field through out-of-state or online education.
- A need for stronger training pipelines to develop and retain local talent.
- The impact of Medicaid policy on ABA service delivery.
These insights highlight the necessity of workforce development strategies to sustain ABA services in Vermont.
Implications for Vermont’s ABA Future
To improve the availability of ABA services in Vermont, several steps should be considered:
- Expand Local Education Programs: Restarting ABA course sequences at Vermont universities could increase in-state training opportunities.
- Improve Retention Strategies: Competitive salaries and professional support can help keep behavior analysts in Vermont.
- Enhance Rural Service Access: Telehealth and incentives for rural practitioners could address workforce shortages.
- Advocate for Policy Support: Continued engagement with policymakers can ensure that Medicaid and insurance policies promote ABA growth.
By focusing on education, retention, and policy improvements, Vermont can strengthen its ABA workforce and meet the growing demand for behavioral services.
Final Thoughts
Mayo and Hofmann’s study provides a critical look at Vermont’s ABA workforce challenges and opportunities. While ABA has grown nationwide, Vermont must address unique regional difficulties, particularly in education and workforce sustainability.
For behavior analysts, educators, and policymakers, this research underscores the importance of supporting ABA professionals in Vermont. Expanding training options and improving workforce retention will be key to ensuring that individuals who rely on ABA services receive the support they need.
For a more in-depth look at the study, you can access the full article here: DOI: 10.1007/s40617-023-00901-1.
